Elastic-fluid turbine.



H. .J. HANZLIK En. E. EELLMER.

'BLABTIG FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED IA)". 22. 1908- Patented May 25, 15909.

v x a v Inventor's: J. HanzliK, h, ELHeHmer,

o bty.

Witns ses H Y en!" nzcnth oi the groove.

UN TED srarnis PATENT OFFIOE...

HENRY J. HANZLIK AND RALPH-E. HELLMER, Ol LYNN, MASSAUHUSETTS, ASSIG-NORS TO .GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

ELASTIC-FLUID TURBINE.

To, aliw hom it may concern:

Be it Known that we, HENRY J. Hxnznnr,

.aeitizen of the United States, and RALPH E.

-Sill'll0l'i011 of bucket carriers for elastic fluid tprbines wherein a slotor' groove is provided, tne walls-of which engage the bases of the buckets and hold the same in place against endwise movement, due to centrifugal force or otherwise. In order to form steam spaces or passages between the buckets, it is necessary to separate the buckets one from the other by a space more or less great. This has been customarily done by ,"ihserting space olocks Within the grooves which blocks have their sides shaped to conform to the side walls of the grooves and their ends to the curved faces of the adjacent buckets. The under side of each block rests onthe bottom of tee groove While the top is flush with the When the buckets of the turbine are large with a substantial space between them, the space blocks while comp aratively small, are not particularly hard to manufacture, but, where the buckets are small and the pitch fine, as is the case with turbines of small power, these space blocks cost a good deal to manufacture on account of the'large amount of time required to (it them-to thewalls of the grooves and to the curved surfaces of the base of the buckets.

()ur invention has for its object, to overcome the objections above pointed out and to provide a bucket spacing means of improved construction combined with a suitable bucket support or carrier] In carrying out our invention the support or carrier for the buckets, which may be stationary or rotary as desired, is grooved circumfcrentially to receive the bases of the buckets. The groove may be of dovetail, in

- verted T or other shaped section, the object being to soshape thcwalls of the groove and the bases of the buckets that the said. walls will firmly secure the buckets against the effects of centrifugal 21; other forces. The bases of the buckets are so shaped that they closely fit theside walls of the grooves and by Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 22, 1908.

the bases of the buckets pass.

illustrations of our invention, Figure 1 is a 1 i Patented May 25. 1909.

Serial No. 412,047.

properly finishing them the desired entrain. and exit angle of the buckets canbe obtained. In order to provide spaces or passages between the buckets, it is necessary to separate the buckets by a distance more or less great. This we accomplishby means of a punched strip of sheet metal containing orifices therein having the desired pitchand through which This strip determines and maintains the pitch of the buckets and preferably rests on the carrier.

' in those cases where the carrier is rotatable it will be found. desirable to secure the strip to the carrier. This may be done in a varicty of ways, as for example; by welding the carrier and strip together by means of an acetylene oxygen flame or by turning a groove in the carrier and staking the walls of the groove over the strip. I

The spacing strip may be made in a-variety of ways, and may be arranged to receive a plurz'tlity of buckets or to recive only one, or it may be made in short pieces, each piece having notches on opposite sides that are of a shape and size to partly surround the bases, of adjacent bucket-s. In any event, these spacing devices may be made by a punch press operation, thus doing away with all machining and hand-fitting which is so ekpensive in previous constructions. Where the s iaeing strip is of considerable length, it will be found desirable to. give it the same curvature as that of the carrier before the buckets are inserted in place. Where the strips are short as for exam 'ile to receive one a or two buckets, they may be curved at the same time they are punched out. i

- in some cases, the free or unattached ends of the buckets may be left uncovered. Ordinarily we prefer to provide them with a sheet metal shroud or co vcr, that is held in place by tenons formed integrally with the buckets, the said tenons 1n-ojecting through openings of corresponding shape and size in the cover or shroud and which are riveted over to secure the same in place. The length of these cover sections may be greater or less,

as desired.

In the accompanying drawings which are perspective view of a part of a carrier; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the relation of the buckets to the spacing device; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a section of the spacing strip; Fig. 4 is a detail view of a slight modi- 'shoulders'labn-o posite sides f with which ucket receiving segments I .fieation of saidstrip; Fig. 5 a detail view rier adapted to receive two rows of buckets,

.8 and Fi 7 shows the fastening means at the ends the segments of a carrier.

1 indicates the carrier having a'dovetail slot urgroove 2 to receive the'bases of the j-biielieta Itie also ooved at 3' to receive ill the seeing strip 4. hesp'acing strip is provide with agiuralit of orifices 5 of predetermined pitc whie and size to the end of each base 6 of a bucket 7..- In Fig.2, one of these buckets is shown direetlyr above one of the openings in the I spacing-strip, and the bucket is shown in dot- ,ted lines in its final'position.

j lit-Fig.- 3 is shown a spacing strip having two :"bucket receiving or1fices'5, the line of $0 division between the sections passing between the orifices.

In Fig. 4, is shown a further modification.

'wherein each section is )rovided with two end notches 8, the sidewa l of one being concave and the other convex. The joint between the sections registers with the bucket receiving opening 5. In assembling this type of v:piicing device with the buckets, a bucket 7 first be inserted in the groove 2, then a.

section of the spacing device laid in the groove 3 and ressed up against the bucket, then a secon bucket inserted, then fa spacing device, and so on.

In Fig. 5 the carrier is shown as being made v3 of two principal parts 9 and 10, the line of division-being perpendicular to the shaft axis. The line of division also passes through the center of the bucket retaining groove 2. The elements of the carrier are united by a plurality of rivetsv 11-. Eachof the buckets '7. is provided with a dovetail projection 6 and a shoulder 12 that makes asnug fit in the orifice formed in the spacing strip 4. In this case, the spacing strip rests directly on the peri heral surface of the carrier, and is held in p 'a'ce by the dovetail projections 6 on the buckets." The buckets are provided with integral tenons 13 that are rlveted over at theirjends to secure the cover .14 in place.

In. Fi g.- 6 the carrier 1. is providedwith .J-i- 'p oi o lnnthea 1116611 age! vlThese' "segments may be of any -suitab e length and 'are secured in place by rivets or equiyalent means. Their construe-' t on is the same'as that shown in Fig. 1, and

.t hc..spaci1' gstri 4 is secured in place within the groove 3 eiiih .jections17,.=or welding thez jspacing strip to the projections. Theiastening oi the'spacing -strip'has this advanta e thatit relieves the hue structure is-rotated. In Fig. 7 is shown the m'e'ansfor securing correspond in shape.

accuracy of pitc erby staking over thegpro carri erfiii dividual buckets having 'bases that fenfterthe groove and are restrained against .lengthwise movement only by the walls thereof, anda means separate from the car-.-

I ct, bases of a consi erable amount of: stram due to centrifugal force, whenfthe the parts against longitudinal movement within the groove in a segment. At each end of the bucket segment the groove is filled withtype metal 18 or some other equally good material andthe eno the segment around the groove is upset as at '19 to hold the same in place.

vOur construction possesses many advantages over the prior constructions wherein space blocks are provided'which are fitted into the groove receiving the bases of the buckets. It uses less stockand whatis used is of a less expensive character. There is a decrease in weight. Hand work on the spacing means is done away with. Since the 30 spacing means is lpunched by machine greater is secured than Where (lev pendence is placed wholly 'or'inpart on hand work. With spacing blocks located in grooves it is necessary to ta )er the ends because the buckets occupy racial positions.

This is unnecessary with our improved construction because the s )acing device is thin, measured in a radial irection.

We'prefer to divide the spacing means as shown in Fig. 4, since by so doing less stock has to be cut out to receive the bucket base thus givin greater strength. In this case a spacing device is slipped into place after a bucket is mounted in the groove-2, hence the opening does not have to be large enough to receive the lower end of the base'but only to receive the neck or reduced portion of the base. Further the ends of the buckets will extend over the joint between parts and prevent said arts from bendingoutwardly due to, centriihgal strains. With this construction the spacing device need only enga e the curved art of the buckets, thus greatl r decreasing t e cost of assembling. The construction is also one that enables theparts to bedisassembled for the purpose of making re airs or otherwise.

in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, We have described the principle involved in our invention together with the apparatus which we now consider to" represent the best embodiments thereof, but we desire to have it understoodthat the a paratus shown is onlyillustrative,andthat t e invention can be' carried out 'b'y other buckets mounted thereon and separately secured, and a means separate from the carrier that forms ,the sole spacing medium for the buckets and through which the latter extend.

i bination, a longitudinally groovedbuckets pass, the wal s grooved carrier,

rier which engages the buckets is located outside of the groove, and determines and maintains the pitch relationof the buckets. 3. In combination, alongitudinally grooved carrier, individual buckets having bases that enter the groove and are restrained against, lengthwise movement only by the walls thereof, and a punched metallic strip located outside of the groove and having orifices through which the su'porting ends of the of said orifices determining and maintaining the pitch of the buckets.

4. In combination, a circumferentially individual buckets which enter the groove and are restrained by the walls thereof against lengthwise movement, and a circumferentially extending metal strip located between the mouth of the groove and the main body of the buckets, the said strip preventing the buckets from moving toward and away from each other within the groove.

5. In combination, a carrier having a circumferential bucketretaining groove, individual buckets having bases that enter the groove and are held by the Walls thereof, a divided perforated metal spacer through which the buckets pass, and a cover that is secured to the free ends of the buckets.

6. In combination, a carrier havin" a longitudinal retaining groove, individual buckets, the base ends of which are held against longitudinal movement only by the walls of the groove, a spacing strip located outside of the groove and having or fices to receive the buckets, the walls of said orifices acting to space the buckets apart, and a cover for the free ends of the buckets, the said stri and cover forming the end walls of the flui conveying spaces between the buckets.

7 In combination, a carrier havin alongitudinal dovetail groove, individual uckets having dovetail bases that enter the groove and are held bythe walls thereof, shoulders on the buckets located outside of the roove, and a sheet metal s acing device Imaving orifices, the walls of wliich engage the shoulders and preserve the pitch relation of the buckets.

. 8. In combination, a carrier havin a 10 lgitudinal dovetail groove, individua' buckets having dovetail bases that enter the groove and are held by the walls thereof, and a sheet metal device that is divided into pieces corresponding in length to the pitch of the buckets, the said pieces serving to space the buckets apart Within the groove, cover the groove and form a'wall for the fluid conveying space between the buckets.

In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this tenth day of J anuar 1908.

HENRY J. HAhZLIK; 7 RALPH E. HELLMER. l'Vitnesses:

JOHN A. MoMANUs, Jii, FRANK G. HATTIE. 

